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Industrial Incidents Caused by Ignition Source Control Failure

Inadequate control of ignition sources — open flames, hot work without permits, non-intrinsically safe equipment in classified areas, and static discharge — provided the spark for vapor cloud and combustible dust explosions that could have been prevented. These investigations show how normalised deviation from hot-work permit requirements and inadequate electrical area classification created ignition risks in flammable atmospheres.

26 investigations
Industries: Chemical Manufacturing, Transportation, Petroleum Refining
Years: 1998–2024

Incidents (26)

Incident Date Location Key Hazards
AL Solutions Fatal Dust Explosion 12/09/2010 New Cumberland, WV Dust Explosion, Fire
E. I. DuPont De Nemours Co. Fatal Hotwork Explosion 11/09/2010 Buffalo, NY Explosion, Fire
Barton Solvents Flammable Liquid Explosion and Fire 10/29/2007 Des Moines, IA Fire, Explosion
Xcel Energy Company Hydroelectric Tunnel Fire 10/02/2007 Georgetown, CO Fire, Flash Fire
Evergreen Packaging Paper Mill - Fire During Hot Work 09/21/2020 Canton, NC Fire
Packaging Corporation Storage Tank Explosion 07/29/2008 Tomahawk, WI Explosion, Fire
Barton Solvents Explosions and Fire 07/17/2007 Valley Center, KS Explosion, Fire
Motiva Enterprises Sulfuric Acid Tank Explosion 07/17/2001 Delaware City, DE Explosion, Fire
Praxair Flammable Gas Cylinder Fire 06/24/2005 St. Louis, MO Fire, Explosion
ConAgra Natural Gas Explosion and Ammonia Release 06/09/2009 Garner, NC Explosion, Ammonia Release
Partridge Raleigh Oilfield Explosion and Fire 06/05/2006 Raleigh, MS Explosion, Fire
Didion Milling Company Explosion and Fire 05/31/2017 Cambria, WI Dust Explosion, Explosion
Third Coast Industries Petroleum Products Facility Fire 05/01/2002 Brazoria County, TX Fire, Pool Fire
Husky Energy Superior Refinery Explosion and Fire 04/26/2018 Superior, WI Explosion, Fire
Donaldson Enterprises, Inc. Fatal Fireworks Disassembly Explosion and Fire 04/08/2011 Waipahu, HI Explosion, Fire
Tosco Avon Refinery Petroleum Naphtha Fire 02/23/1999 Martinez, CA Fire, Flash Fire
Packaging Corporation of America Hot Work Explosion 02/08/2017 Deridder, LA Explosion, Fire
Kleen Energy Natural Gas Explosion 02/07/2010 Middletown, CT Explosion, Chemical Release
Imperial Sugar Company Dust Explosion and Fire 02/07/2008 Port Wentworth, GA Dust Explosion, Explosion
Bethlehem Steel Corporation Gas Condensate Fire 02/02/2001 Chesterton, IN Fire, Explosion
Hoeganaes Corporation Fatal Flash Fires 01/31/2011 Gallatin, TN Flash Fire, Dust Explosion
Wendland 1H Well Fatal Explosion 01/29/2020 Burleson County , TX Explosion, Fire
West Pharmaceutical Services Dust Explosion and Fire 01/29/2003 Kinston, NC Dust Explosion, Explosion
BLSR Operating Ltd. Vapor Cloud Fire 01/13/2003 Rosharon, TX Vapor Cloud Explosion, Flash Fire
Bethune Point Wastewater Plant Explosion 01/11/2006 Daytona Beach, FL Explosion, Fire
Catalyst Systems Inc. Reactive Chemical Explosion 01/02/2003 Gnadenhutten, OH Explosion, Fire

Common Patterns

Across these 26 investigations, the CSB consistently found ignition source control failure alongside these co-occurring failure modes, industries, and hazard types:

Co-occurring failure modes: Procedural Failure · Design Deficiency · Training Deficiency · Contractor Management Failure · Communication Failure

Primary industries: Chemical Manufacturing, Transportation, Petroleum Refining

Associated hazard types: Fire · Explosion · Chemical Release · Flash Fire


Data sourced from CSB.gov public investigation reports. This site is an independent project not affiliated with the U.S. CSB.